Tarihin Ci gaba da Kerawa

MAGNABEND TARIHIN CIGABA DA KIRKI
Farawa na Ra'ayin:

Komawa cikin 1974 Ina buƙatar yin kwalaye don ayyukan lantarki na gidaje.Don yin wannan, na yi wa kaina babban ɗan littafin ɗanyen takarda daga cikin guda biyu na ƙarfe na kusurwa da aka jingina tare kuma na riƙe a cikin maɗaukaki.A takaice dai yana da matukar wahala a yi amfani da shi kuma ba mai yawa ba.Nan da nan na yanke shawarar lokaci ya yi da zan inganta wani abu.

Don haka na fara tunanin yadda zan yi babban fayil 'dace'.Wani abu da ya dame ni shi ne cewa tsarin mannewa dole ne a daure shi a gindin injin ko dai a karshen ko a baya kuma hakan zai kawo cikas ga wasu abubuwan da nake so in yi.Don haka na yi tsalle na bangaskiya na ce ...Ok, kar a ɗaure tsarin manne da tushe, ta yaya zan iya yin aikin?

Akwai wata hanya ta karya wannan haɗin?
Za ku iya riƙe abu ba tare da haɗa wani abu ba?
Wannan kamar tambaya ce ta ban dariya amma da na tsara tambayar ta haka sai na samu amsa mai yiwuwa:-

Kuna iya rinjayar abubuwa ba tare da haɗin jiki da su ba ... ta FIELD!
Na san filayen lantarki *, filayen nauyi*, da filayen maganadisu*.Amma zai yiwu?Shin zai yi aiki da gaske?
(* A gefe guda yana da ban sha'awa a lura cewa kimiyyar zamani har yanzu ba ta yi cikakken bayanin yadda "ƙarfi a nesa" ke aiki a zahiri).

Magnet Experiment

Abin da ya faru na gaba har yanzu yana da bayyananniyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
Ina cikin bitar gida na kuma bayan tsakar dare ne da lokacin kwanciya barci, amma ba zan iya jure wa jarabar gwada wannan sabon tunani ba.
Ba da daɗewa ba na sami magnetin takalmin dawaki da guntun tagulla na shim.Na sanya shim brass tsakanin magnet da 'mai tsaronta' na lankwasa tagulla da yatsana!

Eureka!Ya yi aiki.Tagullar ta kasance kawai 0.09mm lokacin farin ciki amma an kafa ƙa'idar!

(Hoton da ke hagu shine sake gina ainihin gwajin amma yana amfani da abubuwa iri ɗaya).
Na yi farin ciki saboda na gane, tun daga farko, cewa idan za a iya sanya ra'ayin ya yi aiki a hanya mai mahimmanci to zai wakilci sabon ra'ayi game da yadda ake samar da takarda.

Washegari na gaya wa abokin aikina, Tony Grainger, game da ra'ayoyina.Ya ɗan yi farin ciki sosai kuma ya zana mani zane mai yuwuwar na'urar lantarki a gare ni.Ya kuma yi wasu ƙididdiga game da irin ƙarfin da za a iya samu daga na'urar lantarki.Tony shi ne mafi wayo da na sani kuma na yi sa'a don samun shi a matsayin abokin aiki kuma na sami damar yin amfani da ƙwarewarsa.
Da farko yana kama da ra'ayin tabbas zai yi aiki don ƙananan ma'auni na sheetmetal kawai amma yana da alƙawarin isa ya ƙarfafa ni in ci gaba.

Ci gaban Farko:

A cikin ƴan kwanaki masu zuwa na sami ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfe, da waya ta jan karfe, da na'ura mai gyarawa na gina babban fayil na electro-magnetic na farko!Har yanzu ina da shi a cikin bita na:

Prototype Magnabend

Sashin electro-magnet na wannan injin shine ainihin asali.
(Pol na gaba da katakon lanƙwasa da aka nuna anan an sami gyare-gyare daga baya).

Kodayake danyen mai wannan injin yayi aiki!

Kamar yadda aka yi hasashe a ainihin lokacin eureka na, haƙiƙa ba dole ba ne a haɗa sandar matsewa zuwa gindin injin ɗin a ƙarshen, a baya, ko kuma a ko'ina.Don haka injin ɗin ya kasance a buɗe gaba ɗaya kuma yana buɗe maƙogwaro.

Amma fage mai buɗewa zai iya zama cikakke kawai idan hinges don katakon lanƙwasa suma sun kasance marasa al'ada.

A cikin watanni masu zuwa na yi aiki a kan wani nau'in hinge na rabi wanda na kira 'kofin-hinge', na gina na'ura mai aiki mafi kyau (Mark II), na shigar da Ƙimar Ƙimar Ƙimar Ƙirar Ƙirar Ƙirar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Australiya kuma ni ma na bayyana a kan wani shirin talabijin na ABC mai suna "The Inventors".An zaɓi ƙirƙira da na yi a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara a wannan makon kuma daga baya aka zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka yi nasara a waccan shekarar (1975).

Mark 2A bender

A gefen hagu akwai alamar alamar Mark II kamar yadda aka nuna a Sydney biyo bayan fitowar ta ƙarshe na Masu ƙirƙira.

Ya yi amfani da ingantaccen sigar 'kofin hinge' kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa:

Cup hinge

A lokacin 1975 na sadu da Geoff Fenton a taron Ƙungiyoyi masu ƙirƙira a Hobart (3 ga Agusta 1975).Geoff yana da sha'awar ƙirƙirar "Magnabend" kuma ya dawo wurina bayan taron don duba shi sosai.Wannan zai zama farkon abota mai dorewa tare da Geoff kuma daga baya haɗin gwiwar kasuwanci.
Geoff ya kammala karatun Injiniya kuma ƙwararren mai ƙirƙira da kansa.Nan da nan ya ga mahimmancin samun ƙirar hinge wanda zai ba da damar na'urar ta gane cikakken buɗaɗɗensa.
'Cup hinge' na ya yi aiki amma yana da matsala mai tsanani don kusurwar katako fiye da digiri 90.

Geoff ya zama mai matukar sha'awar hinges marasa tsakiya.Wannan nau'in hinge na iya samar da pivoting a kusa da ma'auni mai kama-da-wane wanda zai iya zama gaba ɗaya a waje da injin hinge kanta.

Pantograph Hinge1

Wata rana (1 ga Fabrairu 1976) Geoff ya zo tare da zana wani sabon salo mai salo mai salo.Na yi mamaki!Ban taba ganin wani abu daga nesa kamarsa ba!
(Duba zane a hagu).

Na koyi cewa wannan ingantaccen tsarin pantograph ne wanda ya ƙunshi hanyoyin haɗin mashaya 4.Ba mu taɓa yin fasalin da ya dace na wannan hinge ba amma bayan 'yan watanni Geoff ya zo da ingantacciyar sigar da muka yi.
Ana nuna ɓangaren giciye na ingantaccen sigar a ƙasa:

Pantograph hinge drawing

'Hannun' na wannan hinge ana kiyaye su a layi daya da manyan membobi masu motsi ta ƙananan ƙugiya.Ana iya ganin waɗannan a cikin hotuna a ƙasa.Matsakaicin dole ne su ɗauki ƙaramin kashi na jimlar nauyin hinge.

Pantograph hinge2

Ana nuna simintin wannan tsarin a bidiyon da ke ƙasa.(Godiya ga Dennis Aspo don wannan simintin).

https://youtu.be/wKxGH8nq-tM

Kodayake wannan injin hinge yayi aiki sosai, ba a taɓa shigar da shi akan ainihin injin Magnabend ba.Sakamakonsa shine bai samar da cikakkiyar jujjuyawar digiri na 180 na katako mai lanƙwasa ba kuma yana da alama yana da sassa da yawa a ciki (ko da yake yawancin sassan sun kasance iri ɗaya da juna).

Wani dalilin da ya sa ba a yi amfani da wannan hinge ba saboda Geoff ya zo da nasa:
Triaxial Hinge:

Ƙwallon triaxial ya ba da cikakkiyar juzu'i na digiri 180 kuma ya fi sauƙi kamar yadda yake buƙatar ƙananan sassa, kodayake sassan da kansu sun fi rikitarwa.
Ƙimar triaxial ta ci gaba ta matakai da yawa kafin a kai ga ingantaccen ƙira.Mun kira nau'ikan daban-daban The Trunion Hinge, The Spherical Internal Hinge da Spherical External Hinge.

An kwaikwayi madaidaicin hinge na waje a cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa (Na gode Jayson Wallis don wannan simintin):

https://youtu.be/t0yL4qIwyYU

Duk waɗannan ƙirƙira an kwatanta su a cikin daftarin Ƙaddamarwa ta Amurka.(PDF).

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan matsalolin da Magnabend hinge shine cewa babu inda za a saka shi!
Ƙarshen injin ɗin ya fita saboda muna son injin ya kasance a buɗe, don haka dole ne ya tafi wani wuri.Lallai babu daki tsakanin fuskar ciki na katakon lanƙwasa da fuskar gaban sandar maganan ko dai.
Don yin ɗaki za mu iya samar da lebe a kan katako mai lanƙwasa da kuma a kan sandar gaba amma waɗannan leɓun suna daidaita ƙarfin katakon lanƙwasa da ƙarfin maɗaurin maganadisu.(Zaku iya ganin waɗannan leɓuna a cikin hotunan pantograph hinge a sama).
Don haka ƙirar hinge yana ƙuntata tsakanin buƙatar zama bakin ciki ta yadda za a buƙaci ƙananan lebe kawai da buƙatar zama mai kauri ta yadda zai yi ƙarfi sosai.Hakanan kuma buƙatar zama marar tsakiya ta yadda za'a samar da pivot mai kama-da-wane, zai fi dacewa sama da saman aikin maganadisu.
Waɗannan buƙatun sun kai tsari mai tsayi sosai, amma ƙirar ƙirƙira ta Geoff ta magance buƙatun da kyau, kodayake ana buƙatar aikin haɓaka da yawa (ƙara aƙalla shekaru 10) don nemo mafi kyawun sasantawa.

Idan an buƙata zan iya rubuta wani labarin dabam kan hinges da ci gaban su amma a yanzu za mu koma tarihi:

Yarjejeniyar Kera-Karƙashin Lasisi:
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa mun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyin "Manufacture-Under-Lasis" da dama:

6 Fabrairu 1976: Nova Machinery Pty Ltd, Osborne Park, Perth Western Australia.

31 Disamba 1982: Thalmann Constructions AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland.

12 Oktoba 1983: Roper Whitney Co, Rockford, Illinois, Amurka.

Disamba 1, 1983: Jorg Machine Factory, Amersfoort, Holland

(Ƙarin tarihi idan kowane mai sha'awar ya nema).